0 Content version …

This publication TIC4.0 2021.001 contains the semantic, dataset roadmap, data model and 25 definitions on the topic of Power Source and Activity. This document explains the context for the application of the definitions, the semantics, dataset roadmap and the data model. To improve the readability of the document, the information included is kept at a high level. However, the reader can analyse the information in much more details by using the links in the document. The detailed information accessible through the links is extensive and give the reader a clear overview (depending on their needs from managers to developers), of the TIC4.0 standards for the cargo handling industry.

These 25 definitions are part of the ongoing work to develop a vocabulary for the cargo handling industry. The current list of definitions being worked on can be accessed on the digital platform of TIC4.0. This publication release describes the actual definitions and includes them in the TIC4.0 templates with the general approach on how to use this in data models, schemas and JSON formats as examples.

1 TIC 4.0 scope

The purpose of TIC4.0 is to define a common language that can be represented in an understandable format, including data and information elements suitable for digitization.

With the definitions and language, any reality (equipment or process) in a port terminal environment can be uniquely described. The vocabulary needs to work for any equipment, process and protocol (digital or human). The typical elements that make up the port terminal activities are cargo handling equipment (any kind of machine within the terminal that performs a job or task), external vehicles (trucks, vessels, trains), terminal infrastructure (berth, yard, gate), or auxiliary elements (energy, light, refuelling…).

For data driven terminal operations the subject of standardization concerns the data and information elements linking the digital solutions to the physical equipment and hardware.

To achieve the above goal TIC4.0 have developed a Semantic set of rules (based on human language) which helps in the creation process of the definitions/vocabulary. The definitions/vocabulary can be considered as the building bricks and together with the TIC4.0 semantic rules, allow the user to define any reality in a specific, unambiguous way, irrespective of the level of technology used in a terminal.

The vocabulary is managed in a Data Set, which is basically a one-dimensional database list. This list is not static but will grow exponentially when TIC4.0 continues to work on more and more segments and areas of a terminal.

The work of TIC4.0 is to define the individual entries of the Data Set/Dictionary, focusing on a logical group or theme. In the Data Set/Dictionary the user can see the status of each entry and which entries are published and a link to the definition is provided.

To apply the words in each entry in several digital protocols, a Data Schema is needed. TIC 4.0 will propose Data Schema for each of the most common protocols, but the Data Schema can be used for any protocol. For the examples, TIC 4.0 usually uses JSON as it is very user friendly and easy to read.

2 Semantic

The semantic combines six basic elements: HEADER, SUBJECT, CONCEPT, OBSERVED PROPERTY, POINT OF MEASUREMENT and VALUE to represent a unique reality.

HEADER identifies the message in origin, (destination), time of reference for the message and unique reference.

SUBJECT (who) is the entity that is doing or being the CONCEPT.

CONCEPT (what is-does) refers always to a particular subject (or subject-subsystem) specifying what the subject is (status) or does (action-event)

OBSERVED PROPERTY (how much) is the magnitude of the concept (status, pieces, length, volume, weight, energy, time, speed, power, duration, acceleration…) represented in the value.

POINT OF MEASUREMENT (where) defines where in place and time (past, present, future) the value representing the concept observed property of the subject is measured and represented.

VALUE is the actual measured result for a specific combination of time of measurement + subject + concept + observed property + point of measurement. The same value can be represented in several units.

The combination of a SUBJECT with multiple combinations of CONCEPTs, OBSERVED PROPERTies and POINT OF MEASUREMENTs give us a unique meaning of a VALUE.

TIC 4.0 aims to define each of these elements.

An extensive detailed explanation of this semantic can be found in TIC4.0 Semantic

3 Data set

The Data Set is just the database that contains the well-defined by TIC 4.0 list of data (a piece of reality). We represent this data as a combination of subject+concept+observed property, indicating what possible point of measurements and units are valid.

Data: represented in a flat format
Subject: including subject and sub-subjects
Concept: represented by the concept id
Observed Property (Obs Property)
Point of Measurement (PoM)
Value: possible units to be used for the data representation
Link to the definition: hyperlink to the definition template for each component of the data.
Workflow status (status): what is the status within the TIC 4.0 workflow
Version: expressed in “year.version”
Release: date of realising in “yyyymmdd” format
Short Description: to help provide a high-level understanding of the data. This short description is not enough to fully understand the data.

For this reason we have divided the data by main subjects (CHE, TOS, Terminals…) and topics to make surfing easier. Also, the Digi-book has a very powerful tool to search for keywords.

The data set can be found in https://tic40.atlassian.net/l/c/FxmCAXxr

Road Map

This data set is increasing in size very quickly as the representation of the reality is complex. The data set contains not only the published data definition (status = published) but also the data in draft status to allow the developers to have as much visibility as possible to allow program and preparation of the systems in advance.

The Data set will always match the data model, each one is just a different representation of the same data (flat vs. structured).

2021.001 Dataset

Within the 2021.001 release TIC 4.0 has focused its effort on two topics of the Dataset for CHE: Activity and PowerSouce. Activity represents the “status” of the CHE and the PowerSource contains the most relevant data from any kind of powersource (engine) of the CHE.

The fast link to these topics can be found below:

TIC4.0 Data Set | ACTIVITY

4 Data model

For the digital formating of the semantic and data set we need a data model to structure the data and a data schema to define the details of the content like the validity of the format or the type of data (boolean, entire, real etc.), which data is mandatory or could be omitted etc.

For the 2021.001 release the data model has been defined based on the RDF using the subject->predicate->object schema.

Following the semantic web standard (subject: object) the model has 3 main components: header, asset description and measurement.

SUBJECT creates the hierarchy tree structure (we have sub-subjects) that helps to identify the boundary of the value. The hierarchy is fixed by TIC 4.0 for each kind of subject (CHE, TOS, Terminal) and can mix any type of subjects (e.g. machine.process = che.move). The subjects conform to an array defined by the (concept) metadata so many subjects identical but with different metadata (id or name or location or…) can be sent in the same message. (1 message with several CHEs or one CHE with several spreaders).

The CONCEPT's metadata defines “what is” and the CONCEPT “what does”. Both are flat (no hierarchy, no arrays) and we can use as many as necessary. Also, two concepts can be combined with “and” or “or” creating a new concept that in fact is the condition that makes both true. E.g. “hoisting_and_trolleying” that represents the action of hoisting and trolleying at the same time (both statuses must be true).

OBSERVED PROPERTies define the magnitudes of the CONCEPT, are flat (no hierarchy) and can be used as many times as necessary per CONCEPT.

For each OBSERVED PROPERTies an array created by the combination of the different POINT OF MEASUREMENTs in time (actual, estimated, etc), place (input, iinput, ioutput, output), timestamps and the differents Units will give an array (a list) of VALUEs. The array could be as long as necessary per each message. The length will depend on the relation between the data frequency and the message frequency and also the amount of different POINT OF MEASUREMENTs that need to be represented.

Below is one example of one message with 3 subjects (1 subject and 2 sub-subjects), 3 metadata per subject, 2 different concepts that apply to several subjects and 3 observed properties that affect all the subjects.

A detailed definition of the data model can be found in

The Data Schema is pending for 2021.003 release.

The Data Set is the content of the data model, a flat version without hierarchy or rules. Data Set is used for humans but the machines need the Data Model and the Data Schema to translate it to a digital format.

2021.001 DataModel example

Based on the 2021.001 Data Set road map an extensive JSON example has been completed with all possible data that can be used following the standards. This JSON will be extended as soon as it would be required to represent new subjects, concepts or observed properties.

TIC4.0 Data Model Example

5 Definitions

The bricks that build the data set are made by individual elements that are defined by TIC 4.0 following a template. The below is an example of the TIC4.0 concept template.

Subjects

The subject definitions are referring to the TIC4.0 semantic: SUBJECT (who) is the entity that is doing or being the CONCEPT.

In this 2021.001 we use a complete set of draft definitions subjects for CHE (physical devices) that are listed in the but only 3 are completely ready for publication.

Release	Nº	Definition	Link	Short Description

Release	Nº	Definition	Short Description
2021.001	1	CHE	CHEs (Cargo Handling Equipment) are any machine designed to move (transport or lift) any cargo (including containers) from one location to another.
2021.001	2	PowerSource	A machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion
2021.001	3	DefTank	Tank used to store the Diesel Exhaust Fluid

Concepts

The 2021.001 release includes the most relevant concepts for a CHE activity that represents the most important states, i.e. if it is “on”, “off”, “working” or “idle”. But these can be used for any subject including a process. Besides these “status” concepts a relevant set of definitions has been published for the PowerSource (engine) also valid for any kind of “engine” regardless of the type. We invite you to have a look at the or if you prefer at the CHE JSON data model 2021.001 that includes the road map 2021 for any CHE.

Please find the 22 definitions through the links below:

Release	Nº	Definition	Link	Short Description

Release	Nº	Definition	Short Description
2021.001	4	On	If the main power supply and all subject systems are able to operate (do the job it has been designed for) the subject in less than 5 seconds requiring no more (a maximum) than one (not a sequence) operator action then TRUE else FALSE
2021.001	5	Off	If the main power supply and all subject systems are not ready to operate (do the job it has been designed for) the subject in less than 5 seconds or requires more than one operation action (a sequence) then TRUE else FALSE
2021.001	6	Standby	If the subject is “On” [If the main power supply and all subject systems are able to operate (do the job it has been designed for) the subject in less than 5 seconds requiring no more (a maximum) than one (not a sequence) operator action] but any (at least one) of them (power supply or subject system) is not currently ready then TRUE else FALSE
2021.001	7	NotStandby	If the main power supply system and all subject systems are currently ready to operate (do the job it has been designed for) and no operator action is required (to be ready) then TRUE else FALSE
2021.001	8	Working	Situation while the subject is “On” and [receiving any input (order, instruction, signal) regardless of the origin (local or remote, manual or automatic) to execute any action (to do something the subject was designed for) or/and it is currently executing any output (operational) movement].
2021.001	9	Idle	Situation while the subject is “On” and [not receiving any input (order, instruction, signal) regardless of the origin (local or remote, manual or automatic) to execute any action (to do something the machine was designed for) and it is not currently executing any output (operational) movement]
2021.001	10	Stability	A subject is said to be in stability if, when displaced from equilibrium (while is idle for static stability and considering the inertia for dynamic stability), it experiences a net force or torque in a direction opposite to the direction of the displacement.
2021.001	11	Ralenti	Status referring to subjects with mobile components when the subject is idling and their components move at the minimum rpm-speed to keep it running without do any output job.
2021.001	12	NotRalenti	Status referring to subjects with mobile components when the subject is working and the internal components have enough rpm-speed to keep it running doing the job it was designed for.
2021.001	13	Zero	Subject internal components are not moving. The main indicator of movement are the RPM.
2021.001	14	NotZero	Subject internal components are moving. The main indicator of movement are the RPM.
2021.001	15	Coolant	Substance of the subject in charge of transfer the heat of the subject from its component to outside of the subject.
2021.001	16	Oil	Component of the subject in charge of the lubrication and cooling of any of the subject mechanical component. Also used to transmit and distribute energy in hydraulic systems. Oils have a high carbon and hydrogen content and are usually flammable and surface active.
2021.001	17	Boost	Component of the subject in charge of the increases the internal combustion efficiency and power output by forcing extra compressed air into the combustion chamber.
2021.001	18	Intake	Temperature and pressure of pre-combustion air found in intake manifold of engine air supply system
2021.001	19	Exhaust	The exhaust gas emissions from internal-combustion engines
2021.001	20	DEF	DEF is a diesel exhaust fluid consumed in vehicles with Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology to reduce harmful gases being released into the atmosphere.
2021.001	21	Location	Location defines where (what place) the subject is.
2021.001	22	Reference Point	The reference point is a characteristic point on a subject (ground slot, bollard, CHE, container, etc) that will act as an overall reference for positioning and specification of the subject. It is mandatory for every subject and is defined according to the type of subject.
2021.001	23	Location Coordinate	The observed property type “location coordinate” represents the geographic position of any kind of subject, determined at its subject-specific “reference point”, in reference to earth’s geographic coordinate system. They must consist of at least two values (Latitude/Longitude) for explicit and precise representation of the position.
2021.001	24	Location Logical	The observed property type “location logical” represents a logical position of a subject (CHE, box, slot, etc.) within the specific yard grid of a terminal (e.g. block, bay, row, slot, tier).
2021.001	25	Location Technical	The observed property type “location technical” represents the location of a (sub-)subject within another subject (e.g. powersource or wheel within the CHE).

4. Publish

2021.001 Release