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Energy Storage System

TIC 4.0

Energy Storage System

SUBJECT

Fields

Type

Description

Purpose

ID (subject identifier)

M

energystoragesystem

GRAMMAR

subject name

M

Energy Storage System

GRAMMAR

subject type

M

system

GRAMMAR

Also known as

O

battery pack, energy storage,

TIC Description

Definition

M

A device composed of the actual energy storage (physical, chemical, etc.) plus a management system that operates it according to operational and safety parameters.

 

Further Detail

O

Refers to the physical or virtual storage system that handles the energy for the operation of the equipment (receiving, storing, supplying). Its classification begins with the form of energy stored, as the physical nature of the stored energy determines the structure, technologies, operating characteristics and replenishment methods associated with each category.

For the CHE to transform the energy into movement, the energy supply retrieves the energy from the energy storage system.

In the following examples, energy storage systems are categorized by the type of energy they use (electrical, mechanical, …).

Electrical Energy Storage system

https://electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=631-01-01

Electrical installation able to absorb electrical energy, to store it for a certain duration, and to release it

Type

  • battery pack

  • battery module

  • battery cell

  • capacitor bank

  • supercapacitor

  • hybrid_li_ion_supercap_pack

Technology

  • li_ion (LFP, NMC, NCA, LTO…)

  • solid_state

  • lead_acid

  • NiMH

  • supercap

  • hybrid_li_ion_supercap

Other characteristics

  • Contains a BMS or equivalent supervisory controller

  • May include active or passive balancing

  • Capacity and usable State of Charge (SOC) window depend on chemistry and OEM policy

  • Internal resistance impacts performance and heating

  • Can be configured in parallel or series arrays

  • May require thermal management (cooling/heating)

CHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE

Type

  • fuel:

    • Diesel

    • Petrol

    • Hydrogen

    • Ammonia

Technology

  • compressed gas (e.g., H₂ at 350/700 bar)

  • cryogenic liquid

  • liquid fuel

  • pressurised liquid

Other characteristics

  • May require pressure sensors, leak detection or gas-quality sensors

  • Storage materials depend on chemical (metal hydrides, composite cylinders, double-wall tanks)

  • Energy is extracted by a PowerSource (e.g., fuel cell, IC engine)

MECHANICAL ENERGY STORAGE

Type

  • Pressure accumulator

  • flywheel

  • spring storage

Technology

  • gas-charged bladder accumulator

  • piston accumulator

  • diaphragm accumulator

  • turbine flywheel

Other characteristics

  • Stores potential energy mechanically or compressively

  • Delivers high power for short durations

  • May support energy recovery systems

  • Pressure and force are usually key parameters

THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

Type

  • thermal buffer (heat accumulator, phase change storage (PCM))

Technology

  • phase_change_materials

  • liquid-based heat buffers

  • solid ceramic/graphite blocks

Other characteristics

  • Stores energy as heat for later release

  • May stabilise battery temperature or support heating functions

  • Heat transfer rate is often more important than absolute capacity

Functional Boundary

The Energy Storage System boundary is required to separate energy buffering from energy conversion and actuation.

Without this boundary, batteries, tanks, or accumulators could be incorrectly treated as power supplies or motors.

Functional Boundary

Energy Storage System is limited to receiving, storing, and releasing energy.

It:

  • Does not originate energy

  • Does not convert energy into usable form

  • Does not distribute energy

  • Does not generate motion

This boundary ensures ESS only answers:

Where is energy kept?

ChatGPT Image 23 feb 2026, 10_15_39-20260223-091540.png

 

 

TIC Description

Required Information

M

CONCEPT (id); OBSERVED PROPERTY; VALUE

TIC Description

SUBJECT

 

https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/998309889, https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/1092321281, Fuel Station, https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/878641338

 

CONCEPT

 

Id, name, type, https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/488997159, https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/1099169793, https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/1105526785,

 

Related standards

O

 

TIC Description

Related TIC 4.0 definition

O

https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/488997159, https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/2386067457 , https://tic40.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/TIC40Definitions/pages/2365685761

 

Example

M

The remaining level of energy stored in the energy storage system is 50%.

che|@|energystoragesystem|energy|#unit#%|level = 50%

 

Example in the context of the grammar

M

      "energystoragesystem": [         {           "id": "",           "name": "",           "type": "",           "family": "",           "brand": "",           "model": "",           "softwareversion": "",           "contactorsopeningandontime": 0,           "location": {             "technical": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 1,                 "qualifier": "",                 "name": "",                 "code": ""               }             ]           },           "on": {             "status": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": false,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "duration": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "counter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "totalcounter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "timer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "totaltimer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "hour",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ]           },           "off": {             "status": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": false,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "duration": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "counter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.038Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "totalcounter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "timer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ],             "totaltimer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "hour",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "offtoontime": ""               }             ]           },           "precharge": {             "status": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": false,                 "type": ""               }             ],             "duration": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ],             "counter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "type": ""               }             ],             "totalcounter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ],             "timer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z"               }             ],             "totaltimer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "hour",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ]           },           "busplus": {             "status": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": false,                 "type": ""               }             ],             "duration": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ],             "counter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "type": ""               }             ],             "totalcounter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ],             "timer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z"               }             ],             "totaltimer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "hour",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ]           },           "busminus": {             "status": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": false,                 "type": ""               }             ],             "duration": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ],             "counter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "type": ""               }             ],             "totalcounter": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ],             "timer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "second",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0,                 "starttimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "endtimestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z"               }             ],             "totaltimer": [               {                 "pom": "ioutput",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "hour",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 0               }             ]           },           "energy": {             "level": [               {                 "pom": "output",                 "pomt": "actual",                 "unit": "%",                 "timestamp": "2025-09-02T15:34:44.039Z",                 "value": 50

 

Link to one or more operational processes

M

 

 

Search tags

M

#engine; #motor; #battery,#reefer, #cargo

 

Version / Date

M

2026.018 - Feb 27, 2026

 

Internal TIC Version

M

20260227

 

Created by

Edited by

Review / Approve

Published

  

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

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